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Al
in WebElements
in X-Ray info
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Al, 13
aluminum (English)
aluminium, m. (French)
Aluminium, n. (German)
alyuminij (Russian)
aluminio (Spanish)
aluminium, -et (Swedish)
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| Symbol, number | Al, 13 (metal), Group: 13; 3A |
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| Weight | 26.98154 |
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| Looks | Silvery colour, solid, soft, light, nontoxic, nonmagnetic, nonsparking metal at 20 °C |
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| In Nature | Abundant element in the earth's crust, but it is not found free in nature. |
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| Discovered | 1825, by Hans Christian Oersted (Denmark) |
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| Name | From the Latin word alumen, meaning alum |
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| Density [kg/m3] | 2698 [293 K] (solid) 2390 [933 K] (liquid) |
| Molar volume | 10.00 cm3 |
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| Speed of sound | 5100 m/s |
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| Superconducting Temp. | 1.175 K (-271.825 °C) |
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| Melting Temperature | 933.52 K (660.52 °C) Enthalpy: 293.72 kJ/mol |
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| Boiling Temperature | 2740 K (2467 °C) Enthalpy: 10.67 kJ/mol |
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| Atomizing | 326 kJ/mol |
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| Modulus [GPa] | 70 (Young) 26 (rigid) 76 (bulk) |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.35 |
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| Hardness | 2.75 (mineral) 245 MN/m2 (Brinell) 167 MN/m2 (Vicker's) |
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| Optics | 71% (reflection) no data (refraction) |
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| Electrical resistance | 2.6548E-8 [293 K] Wm |
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| Thermal | Conductivity: 237 [300 K] W/Km Expansion: 23.03E-6 /K |
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| Configuration | 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p1 |
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| Crystal structure | ccp (cubic close-packed) |
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| Spectral lines [nm] | 308.215 I, 309.271 I, 309.281 I, 394.401 I, 396.152 I |
| Ionisation [kJ/mol] |
| M--> |
M+--> |
M2+--> |
M3+--> |
M4+--> |
M5+--> |
M6+--> |
M7+--> |
M8+--> |
M9+-->M10+ |
| 577.4 |
1816.6 |
2744.6 |
11575 |
14839 |
18376 |
23293 |
27457 |
31857 |
38459 |
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| Thermodynamics |
| State |
DfH° |
DfG° |
S° |
CpH |
H°298.15-H°0 |
| [kJ/mol] |
[J/Kmol] |
[kJ/mol] |
| Solid |
0 |
28.30±0.10 |
24.4 |
4.540±0.020 |
| Gas |
330.0±4.0 |
286 |
164.554±0.004 |
21.4 |
6.919±0.001 |
| Gas (Al2) |
485.9 |
433.3 |
233 |
36 |
9.7 |
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| Isotopes |
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Mass |
In nature |
Half-life |
Spin |
m/mN |
NMM |
Decay |
| 24Al |
23.999941 |
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2.07 s |
4 |
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3.646 |
EC+α to 20Ne; EC to 24Mg |
| 25Al |
24.990429 |
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7.17 s |
5/2 |
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EC to 25Mg |
| 26Al |
25.986892 |
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710000 y |
5 |
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EC to 26Mg |
| 27Al |
26.9815386 |
100% |
stable |
5/2 |
3.641504 |
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| 28Al |
27.981910 |
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2.25 m |
3 |
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3.24 |
β- to 28Si |
| 29Al |
28.980446 |
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6.5 m |
5/2 |
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β- to 29Si |
| 30Al |
29.98296 |
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3.68 s |
3 |
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β- to 30Si |
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